Co-operative health insurance in Tanzania:

Abstract

Ushirika Afya scheme plays a vital role in improving and safeguarding the health of cooperative members in the agricultural sector. This study was conducted to assess the perceptions of cooperative members towards the Ushirika Afya scheme and to identify the key factors influencing their engagement in the scheme (UAS). The study was guided by the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as the primary framework and the social capital theory. A cross-sectional research design was used. The target population and unit of analysis included all Agricultural and Marketing Co-operative (AMCOS) members participating in UAS within the study area, with a sample size of 300 respondents. Findings indicated that sociodemographic factors such as age, marital status, household income and size, education level, and economic activity significantly affect members' participation in Ushirika Afya. Thematic analysis showed that members’ perceptions centered on health concerns, health protection, and support for elderly cooperative members. The scheme was also viewed as a government-established program for AMCOS members, specifically for the sick. Additionally, the study concludes that engagement among youth and women is limited. Many respondents perceive Ushirika Afya as mainly for the elderly, sick, and poor, supported by higher enrollment rates among elders compared to youth. To improve participation, there is a need for increased investment in awareness campaigns and capacity-building programs to promote the scheme, which could lead to higher membership levels