Determinants of Education Provision among Agricultural Marketing Co-operative Societies in Sengerema and Ukerewe Districts; Tanzania

Abstract

Co-operative Education (CE) is a crucial component of sustainability of the co-operatives including Agricultural Marketing Co-operative Societies (AMCOS). For AMCOS’ objectives to be realised, among other strategies, member education is critical. This paper examines factors influencing the provision of CE in Tanzania, taking Sengerema and Ukerewe districts as case studies. Specifically, the study sought to examine the influence of membership size, funding and cost of education, activeness of the AMCOS Management, and readiness of members on the provision of CE in AMCOS. The study adopted a cross-sectional design where data were collected at once in time. Primary data were collected using Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), Key informant Interviews (KIIs), and documentary review. Data were analysed using Content Analysis. The analysis of data from FGDs and KIs was facilitated by Atlas.ti computer software. Findings show that CE programmes provided in Sengerema and Ukerewe districts were determined by prioritising the needs of AMCOS. The study further found that AMCOS with a large number of members had their training cost burden reduced and could easily attract trainers than those with fewer members. Moreover, the study found that the availability of funding has a direct relationship with the capacity of the AMCOS to finance its education programmes as it dictates the number of trainees, the group to be trained, frequency of the education, and the AMCOS’ decision to withdraw or indulge in the programme. It was further found that the more active the AMCOS management becomes, the more frequent members of AMCOS receive education. Lastly, it was also found that the timing of CE provision determines the attendance (participation) of members. It is recommended that AMCOS with a small number of members and a weak financial base should make use of the shared service approach to join their efforts so as to attract good trainers and reduce the training cost burden. Trainers of CE are also requested to develop training programmes that consider appropriate timing of participants to enhance participation in CE. In terms of leadership, AMCOS are urged to elect active leaders who prioritise AMCOS interests. The Tanzania Co-operative Development Commission (TCDC) and the responsible Ministry as well as other co-operative stakeholders are asked to facilitate member education. Equally, AMCOS are called upon to adhere to the International Cooperative alliance’s (ICA’s) requirements of setting aside funds for education and training.