Abstract:
Many ethnic groups have historically employed bee products, such as honey and beeswax, to treat
a variety of ailments due to their known inhibitory impacts on bacteria and fungi (p. 2). In this
study, honey and beeswax collected from the semi-arid University of Dodoma apiary were
evaluated for their physiochemical and antibacterial qualities (p. 2). Each honey sample was
examined for moisture content, ash, acidity, pH, reducing sugars, apparent sucrose, and
hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) (p. 2). Using the disk diffusion method, the antimicrobial activity
of both honey and beeswax samples was assessed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus,
and Candida albicans (p. 2). The results showed that all tested honey parameters met accepted
international standards (p. 2). Honey and beeswax gel samples demonstrated high sensitivity
against the tested microbes (p. 2). Consequently, it was concluded that the honey and beeswax
from this study align with international quality standards (p. 2). Additionally, the presence of
bioactive components in the studied samples justifies their traditional use for treating various
ailments across Africa (p. 2
